Causes of Astigmatism: Congenital Origins and Risk Factors

Causes of Astigmatism

Irregularities in Corneal Curvature

The most common cause of astigmatism is an abnormal curvature of the cornea. Instead of having a spherical shape, the cornea has a more pronounced curvature in one direction compared to the other. This asymmetry prevents light from focusing properly on the retina.

Congenital Astigmatism

In most cases, astigmatism is present from birth. It is often hereditary, so if one of the parents is astigmatic, the risk of the children being astigmatic is higher. Congenital astigmatism can go unnoticed for years if not diagnosed with a vision exam.

Acquired Astigmatism

In some cases, astigmatism develops as a result of:

• Ocular surgeries
• Trauma or injuries to the cornea
• Degenerative eye diseases, such as keratoconus
• Prolonged use of ill-fitting contact lenses

Age-Related Changes

Age can also influence the shape of the cornea. Over time, natural alterations in its curvature may occur, especially after the age of 40, leading to the development of mild astigmatism in individuals who previously did not suffer from it.

Risk Factors

• Genetic predisposition to vision problems
• Presence of other visual defects (myopia, hyperopia)
• Exposure to eye trauma or corneal diseases
• Lifestyles that constantly strain the eyes

Continue Reading

• What is Astigmatism
• Diagnosis of Astigmatism
• Solutions for Astigmatism

FAQ

• Is astigmatism always present from birth?
  No, it can also appear in adulthood due to traumatic or degenerative causes.
• Is keratoconus a form of astigmatism?
  Yes, it is a corneal condition that can cause irregular and severe astigmatism.
• Can visual stress cause astigmatism?
  Not directly, but it can exacerbate the perception of symptoms in predisposed individuals.